【什么词引导什么从句详细点】在英语语法中，从句是句子中具有主语和谓语的结构，但它不能单独成句。从句通常由引导词引导，这些引导词决定了从句的类型。掌握哪些词可以引导什么类型的从句，有助于我们更准确地理解和使用英语句子。
一、
在英语中，常见的从句类型包括：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句）、定语从句（关系从句）和状语从句。每种从句都有其特定的引导词，这些引导词不仅帮助识别从句的类型，还影响从句在句中的功能。
- 名词性从句：通常由“that”、“whether”、“if”、“what”、“who”、“which”、“how”、“when”、“where”等引导。
- 定语从句：由“that”、“which”、“who”、“whom”、“whose”、“as”、“but”等引导，其中“that”可指人或物，“which”指物，“who”指人。
- 状语从句：由“because”、“although”、“if”、“unless”、“since”、“while”、“until”、“so that”、“in order that”等引导，表示时间、原因、条件、目的等。
不同引导词的使用，反映了从句的功能和意义。理解这些引导词的用法，是提高英语写作和阅读能力的重要基础。
二、表格形式展示
| 引导词 | 从句类型 | 功能说明 | 举例说明 |
| that | 名词性从句 | 引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等，常省略 | I believe that he is honest. |
| whether/if | 名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，一般不同时使用 | I don't know whether he will come or if he will come. |
| what | 名词性从句 | 引导主语从句、宾语从句，表示“……的东西/事情” | What he said surprised everyone. |
| who | 名词性从句 | 引导主语从句、宾语从句，指人 | Who called me yesterday? |
| which | 名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句，指物 | Do you know which book I want? |
| how | 名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句，表示方式 | She asked how I did it. |
| when | 名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句，表示时间 | I remember when we first met. |
| where | 名词性从句 | 引导宾语从句，表示地点 | Can you tell me where he lives? |
| that | 定语从句 | 指代人或物，作宾语或主语，有时可省略 | The book that I bought is interesting. |
| which | 定语从句 | 指代物，不可省略 | The house which we visited is very old. |
| who | 定语从句 | 指代人，作主语 | The man who is talking to Mary is my teacher. |
| whom | 定语从句 | 指代人，作宾语 | The girl whom you saw is my sister. |
| whose | 定语从句 | 表示所属关系 | The student whose father is a doctor is in our class. |
| as | 定语从句 | 引导非限制性定语从句，常用于“the same...as”结构 | This is the same book as I read last year. |
| because | 状语从句 | 引导原因状语从句 | He stayed home because it was raining. |
| although | 状语从句 | 引导让步状语从句 | Although it was late, he continued working. |
| if/whether | 状语从句 | 引导条件状语从句 | If you need help, call me. |
| since | 状语从句 | 引导时间状语从句或原因状语从句 | Since you are tired, take a rest. |
| while | 状语从句 | 引导时间状语从句 | While I was cooking, she cleaned the room. |
| until | 状语从句 | 引导时间状语从句 | I waited until he arrived. |
| so that | 状语从句 | 引导目的状语从句 | He studied hard so that he could pass the exam. |
| in order that | 状语从句 | 引导目的状语从句 | She left early in order that she could catch the train. |
三、小结
掌握哪些词引导什么从句，是学习英语语法的关键一步。不同的引导词不仅决定了从句的类型，也影响了句子的结构和意思。通过反复练习和实际运用，可以更熟练地掌握这些规则，提升语言表达的准确性与多样性。
